Could you present a statistical analysis of the possibility for these four objects to be aligned such assuming that they are not part of the same whole?
That was their burden and responsibilty Jerome, not mine or anybody elses. they are claiming experiment and observation, but they are the ones who neglected the control group. So they are in error and at fault. No where else but in woo land do people ask other people to run the control group when they claim association.
They use a limited sample that is prone to sample error and sample bias. They use no control groups for representative samples. Therefore they are asserting an association or correlation when it could be just from random placement or 'noise'.
As I said Jerome, there is no evidence of interaction between the objects.
There are plenty of galaxies and plenty of QSOs, random [placement does not mean evenly distributed, it means random. And until a base line level of association is found, no meaningful correlation can be claimed.
Arp and Gutierez would be scorned for lack of control and representative sampling in any field that relies on correlation. And in fact they are not following what is standard protocol in census and representative sampling. (Or in astrophysics and astronomy) they are using a posteriori reasoning, which is an error. They would be laughed out of an epidemiological, social science or survey group for claiming a correlation but having done nothing to show it rises above noise level of occurrence.
If they had also sampled random points on the shy, random normative galaxies and could show that the level of association rose above one standard deviation, and better if two, and then they would have something.
But there paper would most likely not have been published in other fields.
They are the ones making the claim, but it is odd that they did not do the control research. That is a bad protocol and procedure. It would be like claiming you found an incidence of 1% occurrence of schizophrenia, without doing any research to find out what the 'normative' occurrence of schizophrenia is.
The use of a posteriori statistics is something that psychics and other scam artists use, it is shameful.
The burden is on NO NONR BUT THEM, this is science and they failed to do the control group, so they are the ones at fault. The burden is not on any one but them to show a control group.
How many scientists don't use controls, how many scientists ask other people to do the controls for them?
In fact here is a thread dedicated to this idea, in it many common uses of statitics are discussed and some very bad aposteriori statitics are demonstrated.
Arp and Gutierez can not claim association, they have no baseline or control groups, they would be laughed out of most fields that use statistics.
http://www.internationalskeptics.com/forums/showthread.php?t=107779
I really thought you were smarter than to ask that question jerome, because it oints out exactly why Arp is in wooville, when he could be in science. Might as well be the ganzfeld stuff, he is a great astronomer but a terrible user of staticts.