I guess it helps to do the actual math instead of doing rough estimates like I did earlier.
NASA did a paper back in 1992 where they used a 150 day Earth to Mars time and a 210 day return time with 30 days at Mars.
On page 12:
The delta V from LEO to Mars transfer was 3.63 km / sec
The return delta V was 4.92
And 0.29 for Earth orbit insertion
On Wikipedia
The Raptor engine Isp is listed as 375 seconds
The total weight for the SpaceX spaceship is 1,335 metric tons
Maximum fuel is 1,100 metric tons
Empty weight is 85 metric tons
So, running the numbers using the Ideal Rocket Equation:
Delta V = Ve * ln m0 / mf
Delta V = 3,630 meters/sec
Ve = 375 sec * 9.8 meters/ sec^2
m0 = 1,335,000 kg
mf = 497 metric tons
Fuel burned outbound: 838 metric tons. So, that's quite a bit less than my earlier rough estimate of 998 metric tons burned outbound.
I get 1,200 metric tons burned for the round trip. That's pretty close to the maximum fuel capacity of 1,100 metric tons.
It's not that precise because that leaves 150 metric tons left over after subtracting empty weight and fuel. Presumably on a manned mission that 150 tonnes would be water, food, clothing, exercise equipment, supplies, etc. plus whatever people weight you have. I would assume that the fuel tanks would be sized for round trip. But I'm not seeing any mistake unless NASA's numbers for return Delta V are wrong. The only other option I can think of is if the ship gets more velocity before leaving Earth orbit.
Anyway, with these numbers you basically you arrive at Mars with about 412 metric tons of non-ship mass per ship. If you plan on coming back you need 367 metric tons of fuel per ship. I assume that you use two manned ships to have one as a backup.
You need 4.1 km/sec delta V to land on Mars from low Mars orbit
So, if the vehicle total weight is 497 metric tons you burn up 334 tonnes of fuel landing. That leaves 163 tonnes. If we subtract the empty weight of 85 tonnes then we have 78 tonnes.
I assume you could use the tanks on the cargo ship for storage but the same ratio applies taking it back into orbit. It takes 334 tonnes of fuel to get 78 tonnes into orbit.