I don't need a license to use my marine radio. I can't imagine that I'd need a license for an EPIRB.
Perhaps I would face a fine for signaling it when not in danger, but surely a boat adrift could make the case that they were in danger.
I'm not saying that these sailors were lying. They seem to have exaggerated their predicament and still not used the EPIRB, which is odd at best. At this point, I'm willing to guess that incompetence explains their choices, but as a casual day sailor, I'm willing to be proved wrong. (I don't even own an EPIRB, since I don't leave populated areas where a radio suffices.)