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Student fees to hit £7000

Undesired Walrus

Penultimate Amazing
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Apr 10, 2007
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http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/education-11507537

Vince Cable has admitted that Liberal Democrats are to abandon plans for a graduate tax to fund universities.

Party members are to receive an e-mail explaining the decision in a move that will be seen as preparing the ground for a hike in tuition fees.

Lord Browne's review of fees in England is expected to recommend more than doubling fees to around £7,000 a year.


The business secretary says he is still committed to a "progressive" element within the final fees package.

The Liberal Youth group immediately called on the party's MPs to reject any fee increase.

The National Union of Students (NUS) says it is an "insult to the intelligence" to try to "re-brand" an increase in fees as "progressive".

This can't be anything other than a compromise too far for many Liberal Democrats, given that student fees were one of the defining issues of the party pre-Clegg.
 
The Lib Dem mp's are in a pickle, put pressure on to split the coaltion and they stand little chance of re electicion, only way out may be to defect and I can't see an en masse movement to really matter. They ll sit tight and blame Labour.
 
It's somewhat disturbing that the officials are so ready that people just heave it onto their college debt. In the US, anyway, much of the skyrocketing costs of college the past 15 years may be due to the ease with which college loans can be gotten, then supply and demand takes over, and college inflates due to a lot more college money available. Law of unintended consequences to the "blessing" of cheaper, easier loans. See also housing bubble :(

Assuming this applies here, it is probably not a good idea to borrow still more.
 
The report seems to be recommending "Unlimited" fees:

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/education-11519642

Pricing all but the richest out of the best universities and most popular courses feels wrong to me. Unlike countries where unlimited pricing has history, parents aren't prepared for this and there isn't a long and proud history of scholarships and bursaries.

I fear that the tiny improvements in the accessibility of the best education to all will be quickly reversed
 
Ahem.

Prior to the 1989 Student Loans bill, you could receive a means-tested grant which would cover the cost of staying at university. I can't remember exactly if this was broken down into separate maintenance and tuition components, but the point was it was meritocratic: you didn't have to worry about affording to go uni if you got the grades. And, as a grant, you didn't pay anything back afterward.
 
Law of unintended consequences to the "blessing" of cheaper, easier loans.

Assuming this applies here, it is probably not a good idea to borrow still more.

Don't worry, they're also talking about making students pay "realistic" interest rates on the loans, instead of the current highly-cut rate. So that'll mean that even fewer people will feel able to afford it.
 
With some amazement, I noticed that German fees are something like £800 a year. How is this possible?
 
Ahem.

Prior to the 1989 Student Loans bill, you could receive a means-tested grant which would cover the cost of staying at university. I can't remember exactly if this was broken down into separate maintenance and tuition components, but the point was it was meritocratic: you didn't have to worry about affording to go uni if you got the grades. And, as a grant, you didn't pay anything back afterward.

My first year at university was the last year of the full grant - each year after that the grant decreased and the new loan amount increased until the grant disappreared completely. At that time your fees were completely paid by the government. A few years after that they introduced top up fees which the student also had to pay.

ETA: Scottish students at Scottish universities don't pay any fees at the moment.
 
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This can't be anything other than a compromise too far for many Liberal Democrats, given that student fees were one of the defining issues of the party pre-Clegg.
Abolition of higher education fees is a distinctly non-liberal idea IMO (IE making all of society pay the full cost of higher education is hardly socially just) and it would be great for the Lib Dem party to be rid of it. That may mean that some MPs leave the party (or just vote against the putative act), but probably not enough to threaten the government's viability. Graduate tax was a silly plan, too-hastily concocted by someone (Cable) who should have known way better IMO.

IMO the recommendations of the Browne review shape up as combining the best bits of (socio-economically legitimate) redistribution with freeing universities to be competitive in the education they offer. It also removes reliance on the funding model that assumed that foreign students will always--and in droves--be willing to pay far more than the true cost of a degree for the honour of studying in the UK.
 
It's somewhat disturbing that the officials are so ready that people just heave it onto their college debt. In the US, anyway, much of the skyrocketing costs of college the past 15 years may be due to the ease with which college loans can be gotten, then supply and demand takes over, and college inflates due to a lot more college money available. Law of unintended consequences to the "blessing" of cheaper, easier loans. See also housing bubble :(

Assuming this applies here, it is probably not a good idea to borrow still more.
"Easy credit" can certainly be the result of a rigged market, or unlevel playing field, or some displacement from free market wonderfulness.

But less than half price tuition fees for Brits, paid for by a combination of downgrading educational quality and attempting to sting moneyed-up foreign students for the difference, is considerably more of one.

What would you recommend instead? In the 1970s, a completely free university education (apart from the studying bit) for the elite few was part of the universal-except-it-was-nothing-of-the-sort UK entitlement state. I'd be a bit surprised if you'd prefer that.
 
The report seems to be recommending "Unlimited" fees
Correct. So TopNotchingham Uni can offer degrees that cost £50,000 per year if they want to. Doesn't mean they will attract applicants, unless those applicants expect to recover the cost with future earnings. They also do not get to keep all of the increase over £6,000 but have to pay a steeply increasing fraction of it to the government. And if the uni fails to compete, its department closes. So there are market and non-market checks against HE inflation.

Pricing all but the richest out of the best universities and most popular courses feels wrong to me.
The Browne proposals don't do that though. Your statement is made on the assumption that aversion to the future liability (which is linked to future earnings) is a prohibitive deterrent to studying. There's little rational reason (except for regulatory risk) why that should be the case, even if the student never expects to be a high earner.

Unlike countries where unlimited pricing has history, parents aren't prepared for this and there isn't a long and proud history of scholarships and bursaries.
Disagreed there--this is the latest of a sequence of reforms that have passed the cost of higher education from the taxpayer to the student, starting with the scrapping of maintenance grants in the 1980s. Of course, if you are correct, then applications will slump. (They may fall--that is to be expected--as there should be at least some reduction in "frivolous" applications. Although the 2006 reforms did not reduce student demand.)

I fear that the tiny improvements in the accessibility of the best education to all will be quickly reversed
It is not just--or even primarily--about access, which in truth should be viewed as being made harder (primarily for those whose families are on higher incomes). IMO it is mostly about allowing UK universities to improve and compete. However, the number of students in higher education has tended to rise as it has got more expensive.
 
With some amazement, I noticed that German fees are something like £800 a year. How is this possible?
They are state funded. IIRC German universities do not appear in the global top 50, whereas the UK ones that do are Oxbridge, UCL, ICL, KCL, Edinburgh and maybe Bristol.

Society can certainly choose to pay for higher education from tax--but it's going to be at the expense of something else. I suspect the consensus in the UK is that graduates should meet most of the cost themselves.
 
I left university in 1999 with a £300 profit.
The lifetime "profit" according to the OECD (not actually profit, since it is without deducting the cost) is on average 50% higher earnings than stopping at secondary education--see above post. Then there are the joys of learning on top.
 
The two architects of the current student funding system were Iain Crawford and Dr. Nick Barr of the LSE; Iain was a friend of mine and we argued long and hard over the issue before his untimely demise.

Iain pointed out that when I started in university in 1986 (the last year of the full grant) something like (IIRC) 10-15% of the population went on to higher education. By the time I graduated in 1992 (architecture is a long course) this had doubled. The point he made was that the State simply couldn't afford this and there were two basic options:

1. Limit the number of places at university and look at a much more tiered system.

2. Continue to increase university-level places but come up with a system based on student self funding and possibly tuition contributions.

Iain was, I think, a supporter of (1) but recognised that this would never happen because of the political fallout. He and Nick therefore set out to develop a system which maximised the opportunities for those from the poorest backgrounds through very easy access and low interest rates.

What I'm not convinced Iain ever thought would happen would be an idiot government that threw these principles out of the window and moved on to a ££££ system of fees which would (frankly) only suit the middle and upper classes.

One point which I always made was that burdening students with debt would, over time, simply result in increased salaries in order to recoup the monies. This would, in turn, have a knock-on economic effect and we'd all end up paying for it anyway. All we've done is knock the most disadvantages right out of the ring in the process.

It's madness. And although we in Scotland are currently exempt, the simple truth is that unless we've to have "second class" universities then there will inevitably be pressure on our own national government to seek some mechanism to deliver additional student-sourced funding. The extent to which either the current SNP administration or a new (Labour) government in May can protect the very strongly held principle of free education in Scotland remains to be seen. Think of it as a reverse example of the West Lothian Question" where the crap Westminster decision does affect us.
 
[ . . . ] a system which maximised the opportunities for those from the poorest backgrounds through very easy access and low interest rates.

[ . . . ] an idiot government that threw these principles out of the window and moved on to a ££££ system of fees which would (frankly) only suit the middle and upper classes.
Maybe you've yet to read the proposals.
Browne Report said:
Students pay nothing up front. Graduates only make payments when they are earning above £21,000 per year.


If earnings drop, then payments drop. If graduates stop work for whatever reason, then payments stop as well.

Support for living costs available to all through an annual loan of £3,750. No means testing for access to loans for living costs

Additional support for students from families with an income below £60,000 per year, up to £3,250 in grants

 
I think the government is missing a trick here. Why not use the fees to motivate young people to study economically useful subjects?

E.g., those that wanted to study over-subscribed and/or economically useless subjects such as media or psychology would pay back more than those who studied under-subscribed and economically essential subjects such as physics, chemistry* or engineering.








*Obviously if such a science graduate was seduced to go into the financial sector she should be hit for the full cost of her education.:)
 
I think the government is missing a trick here. Why not use the fees to motivate young people to study economically useful subjects?

E.g., those that wanted to study over-subscribed and/or economically useless subjects such as media or psychology would pay back more than those who studied under-subscribed and economically essential subjects such as physics, chemistry* or engineering.



*Obviously if such a science graduate was seduced to go into the financial sector she should be hit for the full cost of her education.:)

I would have liked something like that. I made the mistaken assumption (all too heavily promoted, unfortunately) that having a college degree was a good thing in itself, and that it opened up opportunities regardless of the subject.

Turns out, not so much.
 
One point which I always made was that burdening students with debt would, over time, simply result in increased salaries in order to recoup the monies. This would, in turn, have a knock-on economic effect and we'd all end up paying for it anyway.
Flaky point indeed. Of course, market prices, and gains and costs, get transmitted through the system in a system where those prices aren't fixed. But that's true of anything. House prices are higher where state-maintained schools have good reputations. Earnings are higher in cities but groceries cost more too. Raising minimum wages increases inflation and prices people out of jobs. Some of these effects are noticable, some (like the last one) are sufficiently diffused that they are scarcely detectable in the data. I suspect yours would also be in that category.

Fixing prices distorts things in other ways. Sometimes that's seen as justifiable; like, if it re-renders distributional equity in a way a society prefers. In the case of state-proveded (and state-capped) funding of higher education, it mostly restricts the freedom of institutions to innovate, and simutaneously spreads the remaining costs downward through lower income percentiles.
 
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Maybe you've yet to read the proposals.

Yes, we have this thing called the "BBC" here in Scotland and it's covered it in some considerable depth including the proposal to allow annual tuition fees in excess of £7k, thereby discouraging those from poorer backgrounds, and likewise raising interest rates on loans (ditto).
 
Raising minimum wages increases inflation and prices people out of jobs.

Evidence.

Some of these effects are noticable, some (like the last one) are sufficiently diffused that they are scarcely detectable in the data.

Aha. No evidence then.

I suspect yours would also be in that category.

I suspect it wouldn't. If a graduate is lumbered with a tuition fee debt of (say) £30k plus an additional £20k for living expenses, he or she is not going to be starting a first job at £21k a year. And what about those courses such my own, with an extended study period but comparatively low post-graduation salaries? Perhaps it's going to fine for doctors, but I'll bet you that these are the very courses which are going to hike up the costs and hence they end up as badly hit as many others....

Fixing prices distorts things in other ways. Sometimes that's seen as justifiable; like, if it re-renders distributional equity in a way a society prefers.

As in free education? Seems fair enough. Allow everyone to reach their full potential based on academic expertise rather than ability to pay (or service debt, as the case may be).

In the case of state-proveded (and state-capped) funding of higher education, it mostly restricts the freedom of institutions to innovate, and simutaneously spreads the remaining costs downward through lower income percentiles.

Do we have data showing performance pre and post the Crawford/Barr funding system and introduction of fees in English universities?
 
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We need Sam Harris to help us out. Surely science can be used to tell us what the right thing to do is?

;)
 
Evidence. Aha. No evidence then.
Well done you spotted that. As there is no evidence for your point either. Participation of students from lower income brackets in HE has climbed steadily in the face of costs to the graduate rising steadily.

Thus, your argument strikes me as rather similar to a right wing fundy saying that raising the min wage 20p will kill jobs and ramp inflation. Alarmist, special-interest-serving and almost completely unsupported empirically.

I suspect it wouldn't. If a graduate is lumbered with a tuition fee debt of (say) £30k plus an additional £20k for living expenses, he or she is not going to be starting a first job at £21k a year.
Then she or he does not have to service the debt; at all. Still doesn't look like you've read it.

As in free education? Seems fair enough. Allow everyone to reach their full potential based on academic expertise rather than ability to pay (or service debt, as the case may be).
This is consistent with the proposal, isn't it? Point out where it is not if you disagree. I gave you a couple of handy bullet points above so you don't need to read the 64 pages (on the off chance that you haven't)
 
Yes, we have this thing called the "BBC" here in Scotland and it's covered it in some considerable depth including the proposal to allow annual tuition fees in excess of £7k, thereby discouraging those from poorer backgrounds, and likewise raising interest rates on loans (ditto).

The data I heard presented on the radio this afternoon indicated an increase in those from lower income families going to university despite the higher costs of getting an education. It seems that being in debt for most if not all of your life is becoming the norm and is not a deterrent.

A problem I see is that with so many people going to university a degree will become economically worthless. How many jobs actually require degree-level education?

It seems to me that going university and a gap year traveling the world is rapidly becoming a rite of passage for young people, before they finally enter the real world and get a job at Tesco or a call centre.
 
This is consistent with the proposal, isn't it? Point out where it is not if you disagree. I gave you a couple of handy bullet points above so you don't need to read the 64 pages (on the off chance that you haven't)

Let's just summarise the proposals recommendations, shall we?

- The existing cap on tuition fees in England will be lifted, leaving the universities to charge what they want.

- Students will be entitled to a flat-rate loan of £3,750 per annum, repayable in arrears.

- Those from low income families (i.e. up to £25,000 pa) will be entitled to an additional grant of £3,250. Between £25,000 and £60,000 pa this will reduce pro-rata.

- Interest on the loan elements will be calculated at a "real" interest rate, basically the Government's real cost of borrowing plus an uplift for inflation.

- You start repaying this when you hit the £21,000 mark.

Now, the more astute amongst you will have noted that - notwithstanding Francesca's comments - these are going to mean that anyone with a very low household income (read: working class) are going to be faced with a potentially substantive debt in all cases and possibly a crippling level of debt if they wish to pursue the "expensive" university courses.

But not to worry, because if you've got less than £25,000 per annum income then you get a few thousand by way of modest mitigation. I'm sure carrying a university debt of (say) £40,000 is nothing if the state gave you a grant of circa £10,000.

It's grossly unfair; if you're from a poor background then frankly you can't afford to go to a good university. And if you're female then don't even think about giving up work to start a family, because your debt happily continues to accumulate additional costs for inflation.
 
A problem I see is that with so many people going to university a degree will become economically worthless. How many jobs actually require degree-level education?

It seems to me that going university and a gap year traveling the world is rapidly becoming a rite of passage for young people, before they finally enter the real world and get a job at Tesco or a call centre.

That's a different one and, I think, a very valid point. Do we really need as many people going through University-level education in lieu of a much broader-based higher education and work-related training programme such as that employed in (say) Germany?

Let me give you a simple example: when I started studying architecture in 1986, there were 30 in my year. It was the largest intake that Strathclyde had ever taken. Last year, there were something of the order of 100. Now, six architecture schools thus equals 600 graduates each year against a total number of architects of only 3,000 in my country. We simply don't need that many - the industry can't support it, even in boom times. In short, we're giving ourselves a huge mass of well-educated unemployed. The English architecture schools likewise increased numbers, so they can't even move south with any certainty.

Talk about short-sightedness......
 
these are going to mean that anyone with a very low household income (read: working class) are going to be faced with a potentially substantive debt in all cases and possibly a crippling level of debt if they wish to pursue the "expensive" university courses.

[ . . . ]

It's grossly unfair; if you're from a poor background then frankly you can't afford to go to a good university.
Bzzzzz. Sorry, caller, I am going to need to refer you to post 24 paragraph 2 another time. Press 8 to hear these options again . . . . :)
 
Aww, bless, care to bring any substantive analysis or just rhetoric? Feel free to include an apology for claiming I'd misunderstood the point re: the the £21k repayment threshold.
 
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The Guardian breaks down the repayments for those who reach the £21,000 threshold.

If you earn up to and including £21,000 per annum you will pay nothing and the size of your loan will rise in line with inflation.

If you earn £25,000, you would pay 9% of earnings above £21,000 or £30 a month. Your loan will incur interest at inflation plus 2.2%

If you earn £30,000, you'd repay £68 per month; those earning £40,000 would repay £143 per month; £50,000 would mean monthly repayments of £218; and £293 in monthly repayments for those earning £60,000.

http://www.guardian.co.uk/money/2010/oct/12/what-browne-review-means-students

Whilst I appreciate coming out of university with a significant level of debt might put some off, I don't see those sums as particularly onerous.
 
That's a different one and, I think, a very valid point. Do we really need as many people going through University-level education in lieu of a much broader-based higher education and work-related training programme such as that employed in (say) Germany?

Let me give you a simple example: when I started studying architecture in 1986, there were 30 in my year. It was the largest intake that Strathclyde had ever taken. Last year, there were something of the order of 100. Now, six architecture schools thus equals 600 graduates each year against a total number of architects of only 3,000 in my country. We simply don't need that many - the industry can't support it, even in boom times. In short, we're giving ourselves a huge mass of well-educated unemployed. The English architecture schools likewise increased numbers, so they can't even move south with any certainty.

Talk about short-sightedness......

Pretty much this. We don't need masses and masses of people going to University, but that's pretty much the only thing on offer. When I did A-Levels not so long ago, nearly all the work on post A-Level life was aimed towards putting everyone into University. Skills based training in any sector played a very distant second fiddle to getting people into University.

Which is all well and good if we need 50% of the population going to University. But we don't. Not when there's something like 70 graduates per graduate job at the moment, which is the real thing that worries me. I can deal with debt after my University degree if I've got a good job that pays well. I knew going in I'd have debts, but it didn't put me off as I knew I could be rewarded after three more years of quality education, and I'm certainly from a fairly poor background. As long as I don't have to pay upfront, which as far as I'm aware, the current set up or the planned set up won't make me do, then I can cope with it as it's a productive debt. If I had to pay £6,000 up front then that'd stop Uni being an option.
 
. . . Because the "level of debt" that you are required to service is effectively capped at what you earn in excess of £21,000. The difference between what you earn and £21,000 is the basis for calculation of what you pay. The ceiling for that amount (assuming, say, you earn £200,000) depends--obviously--on the tuition fees you incurred.

Just read the thing. Bluster isn't your friend.
 
A problem I see is that with so many people going to university a degree will become economically worthless. How many jobs actually require degree-level education?

We don't need masses and masses of people going to University [ . . . ]
This could well be true, although knowledge is cumulative and leads to economy-wide productivity growth yielding future gains and spillovers, and is not just about supplying the demand for skills today.

But suppose university graduates are over-supplied in some knowledge disciplines. Would continuing or increasing the public subsidy of that supply help? Or would transferring more of the cost to the graduate (in the form of an increased haircut to their individual future income) be more likely to balance it out? Should the supply of future graduates be limited by rationing so that a lucky few get protected behind an entry-barrier? Or should degree qualification be open to all, with the proviso that post-graduation success is a competition in which winners have to pay back a material chunk of their participation cost?
 
This could well be true, although knowledge is cumulative and leads to economy-wide productivity growth yielding future gains and spillovers, and is not just about supplying the demand for skills today.

But suppose university graduates are over-supplied in some knowledge disciplines. Would continuing or increasing the public subsidy of that supply help? Or would transferring more of the cost to the graduate (in the form of an increased haircut to their individual future income) be more likely to balance it out? Should the supply of future graduates be limited by rationing so that a lucky few get protected behind an entry-barrier? Or should degree qualification be open to all, with the proviso that post-graduation success is a competition in which winners have to pay back a material chunk of their participation cost?

Or to phrase it another way: those who study the more economically useful subjects pay back a large amount of money and subsidise those who study the less economically useful subjects who pay back very little.

What is university education for?
 
Surely the proposed model is a strong incentive for someone to study in the most prestigious and expensive university, and upon graduation to emigrate.

I know that's what I would do.

As an alternative to the current model, David Colquhoun has written an interesting piece here. I'd be interested to hear any comments.
 
The Guardian breaks down the repayments for those who reach the £21,000 threshold.



http://www.guardian.co.uk/money/2010/oct/12/what-browne-review-means-students

Whilst I appreciate coming out of university with a significant level of debt might put some off, I don't see those sums as particularly onerous.

I'm guessing that a top university could certainly charge £10,000 a year. Add a further £10,000 for living expenses and a debt of £60,000 is not out of the question.

If you're a middle-earner, say your salary gradually rises to £40,000 a year, you're not going to be able to pay that off quickly. Indeed it's going to be 10 or 20 years until that debt is cleared. While you're paying that off that's money you can't put towards buying a home or raising children.

Contrast that with wealthy parents who can easily pay off their offspring's loans for them (after all it's no more expensive than school fees in a top public school).

I was lucky, not only were my fees paid by the government but I also received a small proportion of the means tested grant (I left Uni in '88). If I'd had to take on significant debt I'd probably have ended up going to a much cheaper university and staying at home. My horizons would have been limited
 
I'm guessing that a top university could certainly charge £10,000 a year. Add a further £10,000 for living expenses and a debt of £60,000 is not out of the question.
What's the case that the state should pay for this out of taxes? It is, after all, £60,000 less it can spend on other things.
 

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